This is caused by the presence of an exceptionally long Causeway, leading to the ancient harbour. Many of its parts, including blocks, architraves and columns, were reused in later times in another structures throughout the long history of the Ancient Egyptian Kingdom as well as the Roman Period. Pyramid is famous for its texts - so called Pyramid Texts. Here, in the interior structure of the Pyramid, where the French Egyptologist Gaston Maspero first set his foot in 1881, the ancient wall writings, known to us as the “Pyramid Texts” or the “Book of the Dead” were discovered. The features of the external structure of the Pyramid of Unas were shown in the report of the previous expedition, but we also would like to share some more exterior measurements and calculations in the present report. Culture: Ancient Egyptian. Around the whole pyramid, and a smaller cult pyramid, there was once a massive stone wall that was at least seven meters high. Location. The pyramid of Unas, Saqqara, The interior walls are inscribed with the Pyramid Texts. The Pyramid is famous for its texts - so called Pyramid Texts. On the southern side of the Pyramid there is a part of hieroglyphic inscription, carved by Khaemweset - the eldest son of Ramesses II, the high priest of the God Ptah in Memphis. Height - 1,313 m Their convenient location and proximity to the Nile - the main transportation rout of Egypt, was the main reason of this easy quarrying, which in some cases left even no stone from the ancient Valley buildings. Height - 1,180 m © Copyright 2019 of ISIDA Project. Height - 1,393 m The pyramid of Unas contains only 283 of the more than 700 known spells of the Pyramid Texts. Around the sarcophagus, the walls are covered with colorful ornaments, painted on plaster. All wall carvings are well-preserved. 019 Unas 3.jpg 1,190 × 775; 216 KB. The Pyramid of Unas has a Descending Passage, Hall, Horizontal Passage, Antechamber, "Burial Chamber" with the sarcophagus inside, and the Chamber with three niches, located opposite to the "Burial Chamber". The inscriptions are carved ​​in plaster, attached to the limestone masonry of the Pyramid walls. Now the doors of the Pyramid of Unas are open to the public. To the right - the is a passage to the "Burial Chamber" with the black sandstone sarcophagus. The interior stone that is revealed, however, is roughly stacked rubble -- it looks hastily put in place and barely capable of supporting the weight of the limestone casing when the pyramid was finished. Since that time archeological works in the Pyramid Complex of Unas never stopped. Width - 6,769 m After passing the Hall, there is a Horizontal Passage, which, for most of its length, is encased by the blocks of red granite. Egyptian archaeologists Selim Hassan, Mohammed Zakharia Goneim and Abdel-Salam Hussein focused their archaeological research especially on the Causeway. The angle of the ceiling blocks (from the both sides) - 43 degrees to the horizontal. Today we can see only two of them. Burial Chamber, South Wall, We suppose that the side of the Pyramid (completely finished) was 78.45 meters and its height made 52.5 meters ( or 150 and 100 qubits). All rights reserved. 2. They obviously were constructed by a common project. During the restoration works, held in the recent years, both the Causeway and the Valley Temple have undergone major reconstruction, and now, after almost 4,5 thousand years, one can safely walk along the cobbled road, starting his way from the ancient harbor, where the Royal Boats once moored, up to the Pyramid itself. Length - 2,405 m Lets proceed to the describtion of the interior of the Pyramid of Unas. Length - 1,646 m, Chamber with Niches: 4K footage from inside one of the most famous early dynasty pyramids at Saqqara. ... Pyramid of Unas “The sword of Orion opens the doors of the sky. Alessandro Barsanti, the Italian architect and Egyptologist, made his first archeological excavations of the area around the Pyramid, after which the remains of Unas Memortuary Temple, as well as a number of tombs of the II Dynasty and the Late Period burials were revealed. The walls are covered with the texts and the ceiling is decorated with the stars. Pyramid of Unas, Saqqara The interior stone that is revealed, however, is roughly stacked rubble — it looks hastily put in place and barely capable of supporting the weight of the limestone casing when the pyramid was finished. Year 1970 - 1981. Distance from the far southern end of the Horizontal Passage - 4,803 Among the carved scenes, there are images of transportation of granite from Aswan, hunting scenes (including giraffes, lions and leopards), agriculture, metalworking, battles, as well as the scenes of Royal rituals, including Kheb-Sed ceremonies. The pyramid, while insignificant in size, featured thousands and thousands of hieroglyphics on the inner walls of the pyramid. The Pyramid Complex of Unas is located in the pyramid field at Saqqara, near Cairo in Egypt. Date/Period: Old Kingdom, 5th dynasty. Unfortunately, the condition of the Lower Temples of the Pyramids is very poor. The “Wonder Galaxy” aesthetic of interior … Width of the second portcullis - 0,722 m The Causeway, connecting the Upper Temple of Unas with its Valley Temple, was really an impressive grandiose structure in its time. It is rather rare and was a tad expensive. Minister of Antiquities Khaled El-Enany inaugurated the opening of the Pyramid of ancient Egyptian King Unas at the Saqqara necropolis after 20 years of its closing. Width - 1,151 m It has a gable ceiling as well as the "Burial Chamber". Width of the first portcullis - 0,724 m Height 2,500, Horizontal Passage: 01 unas causeway.jpg 667 × 500; 40 KB. Height 1,321 Here, in the interior structure of the Pyramid, where the French Egyptologist Gaston Maspero first set his foot in 1881, the ancient wall writings, known to us as the “Pyramid Texts” or the “Book of the Dead” were discovered. The inner chambers of the pyramid are perfectly intact. Some external architecture features of the Pyramid of Unas and its environs were described in the expedition report of ISIDA Project in 2012. The Pyramid of Djoser was meant to be the … the collapsed and falling ruin of Unas' pyramid. For the first time, we were able to get inside the Pyramid of Unas! According to our point of view, these parameters do not correspond to the typical design parameters of the similar to Pyramids. Year 1899 - 1901. The Pyramid Of Unas, Alexandre Piankoff. In the middle of the Horizontal Passage there are three granite portcullis, located in the granite niches. These inscriptions can be divided among some 750 utterances and 2, 300 shorter spells. It has a gable ceiling as well as the "Burial Chamber". Prince Khaemweset has repaired many monuments of the Old Kingdom, including the Pyramid of Unas, restored 1000 years after its construction. To the left is from the Antechamber, there is passage, leading to the Chamber with Niches. The ceiling is flat. Plan by Charles Piazzi Smyth, 1877. This is a book that I have wanted a copy of for years. This information is stored both in the architecture of the Primiramid complex, as well as in the skillful hieroglyphic decoration of it's internal chambers. The interior walls of the structure are inscribed with the Pyramid Texts. The lesser visited Pyramid of Unas Unas's pyramid is one of those that most people do not visit especially with all the other sites to visit at Saqqara. All these artifacts can be easily seen, while standing in the Descending Passage in 3,389 meters from the Pyramid's Entrance. Unas, (flourished 24th century bce ), last king of the 5th dynasty ( c. 2465– c. 2325 bce) of ancient Egypt and the first pharaoh to inscribe the interior of his pyramid at Ṣaqqārah with religious and magical texts known as Pyramid Texts. At the beginning of the passage there is a small step on the walls and the ceiling, as if the passage was ever closed by the lid. reliefs inside the Pyramid Complex of Unas, at Saqqara, near Cairo in Egypt. The Pyramid Texts are the oldest religious writings in the world and make up the principal funerary literature of ancient Egypt.They comprise the texts which were inscribed on the sarcophogi and walls of the pyramids at Saqqara in the 5th and 6th Dynasties of the Old Kingdom (2613-2181 BCE). Width - 1,549 m, ​​1,559 m and 1,571 m. © Copyright 2013 of ISIDA Project. Only the perimeter of its foundation is partially preserved. Place of Origin: Saqqara #MediaStorehouse Select from premium Unas Pyramid of the highest quality. The Pyramid Texts are the oldest religious writings that modern scholars have from ancient Egypt — and quite possibly, the oldest sacred texts in the world. length of 14,294, The portcullis The inscriptions begin at the end of the Horizontal Passage, where the granite masonry ends. It is polished and has no inscriptions. 019 Unas 2.jpg 1,190 × 775; 51 KB. The Pyramid Complex of Unas is located in the pyramid field at Saqqara, near Cairo in Egypt. Source: A workshop on the gods and pharaohs of Egypt . The inscriptions begin at the end of the Horizontal Passage, where the granite masonry ends. The following 101 files are in this category, out of 101 total. Moving further inside the Pyramid, we entering the Antechember. The interior walls of the pyramid of Unas, the last ruler of the 5th Dynasty (2375 – 2345 b.c.e), and those of the 6th Dynasty (2345 – 2181 b.c.e) at Saqqara are elaborately inscribed with religious passages known as Pyramid Texts. Djoser's trusted vizier, Imhotep, oversaw the construction of the king's pyramid during the 27th century B.C. The last king of the 5th Dynasty, Unas, built his pyramid complex close to the south-western corner of the enclosure wall surrounding complex of Netjerikhet at Saqqara. Width -1.351 m The walls and ceiling of the passage are also covered with the ancient texts. 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